ABSTRACT
Purpose@#Infant regurgitation is associated with other functional gastrointestinal disorders and signs and symptoms that have a major impact on the quality of life of infants and their families. This study evaluated the safety, tolerance, and real-world effectiveness of an antiregurgitation formula containing locust bean gum (LBG), prebiotics, and postbiotics to alleviate digestive symptoms beyond regurgitation. @*Methods@#This 3-month study involved infants with regurgitation requiring the prescription of an anti-regurgitation formula according to usual clinical practice. Outcomes included evaluation of the evolution of stool consistency and frequency; occurrence of colic, constipation, and diarrhea; and assessment of regurgitation severity. Infant crying, parental assessment of infant well-being, and parental satisfaction with the stool consistency were also evaluated. @*Results@#In total, 190 infants (average age: 1.9±1.1 months) were included. After three months, stool frequency and consistency remained within the normal physiological range, with 82.7% of infants passing one or two stools per day and 90.4% passing loose or formed stools. There was no significant increase in the number of infants with diarrhea, whereas a decrease was observed in the number of infants with constipation after 1 month (p=0.001) and with colic after both 1 and 3 months (p<0.001). Regurgitation severity and crying decreased and parental satisfaction with stool consistency, formula acceptability, infant well-being, and sleep quality increased. Monitoring of adverse events did not reveal any safety concerns. @*Conclusion@#Formulas containing LBG, prebiotics, and postbiotics were well tolerated and provided an effective strategy for managing infant regurgitation and gastrointestinal discomfort.
ABSTRACT
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to compare geometric indices of hip bone strength in overweight and control elderly men
Methods and results: This study included 16 over- weight [Body mass index [BMI] > 25 kg/m2] elderly men [aged 65-84 years] and 38 age-matched controls [BMI < 25 kg/m2]. Body composition and bone miner- al density [BMD] were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]. To evaluate hip bone geometry, DXA scans were analyzed at the femoral neck, the intertrochanteric region, and the femoral shaft by the Hip Structure Analysis [HSA] program. Cross sectional area [CSA], an index of axial compression strength, section modulus [Z], an index of bending strength, cross sectional moment of inertia [CSMI], an index of structural rigidity, cortical thickness [CT] and buckling ratio [BR] were measured from bone mass profiles. Lean mass, body weight, fat mass and BMI were higher in overweight men compared to controls [p < 0.001]. CSA and Z were higher in overweight subjects compared to controls [p < 0.05] at the three regions [femoral neck, intertrochanteric and femoral shaft]. After adjustment for age, CSA and Z of the intertrochanteric region and the femoral shaft remained significantly higher in overweight men compared to controls [p < 0.05]. After adjustment for either body weight, BMI or lean mass, there were no differences between the two groups [overweight and controls] regarding the HSA variables [CSA, CSMI, Z, CT and BR] of the three regions
Conclusion: This study suggests that overweight elderly men have greater indices of bone axial and bending strength in comparison to controls at the intertrochanteric and the femoral shaft